Finance and finance are products of modern economy. In ancient times, it was mainly agriculture and agricultural economy, mainly barter and simple currency circulation. There was no finance or finance at all. For example, in China, some financial theories are scattered in various classics on the issue of "wealth and goods". As an independent discipline, it was first formed in the west, called "money and banking". Finance in modern China is introduced from the west, and there are various schools of money bank theories from classical economics to modern economics.

      After the late 1950s, the name "monetary credit science" was gradually widely adopted. At that time, began to pay attention to the social system of socialism and capitalism two kinds of comprehensive analysis on the financial problems, and puts forward some theory combined with China's actual problems were discussed, such as: the nature of the problem, the law of currency issue, the role of socialist bank problem, fiscal revenue and expenditure, credit balance and material supply and demand balance, and so on. Overall, however, finance was not taken seriously during this period.

      Since the end of 1970s, the construction of finance in China has entered a new stage. On the one hand, it restudies and clarifies marxist financial theories in combination with the reality; on the other hand, it has reversed the tendency of completely rejecting western contemporary finance and carried out research and evaluation on them. At the same time, with the increasing role of financial activities in economic life, the discipline of finance has been widely valued. This creates favorable conditions for the rapid development of finance with the background of China's reality.

      The content of finance research is extremely rich. It is not only limited to the research of financial theory, but also includes the history of finance, the history of financial theory, the contemporary eastern and western financial theories, as well as the separate and comparative studies of financial systems and policies of various countries. Trust, insurance and other theories are also within the scope of finance research.

      The main research topics in financial theory are: the essence, function of money and its status and role in economy; The form of credit, the functions of Banks and their status and role in the economy; The nature and function of interest; The characteristics and rules of money circulation organized on the basis of modern bank credit; The theory of macroeconomic control over economic life through money and so on.